Correlation of annual prevalence between cephems resistance and blaCMY-2 in Salmonella enterica isolated from retail meat sources in the United States

Table 2 Validation of ARIMA predicted proportions with actual reported proportions by NARMS for the years 2019–2021

Year	bla_CMY-2		Bias/difference	Bland–Altman test (P-value)	Ceftriaxone resistance		Bias/difference	Bland–Altman test (P-value)	Cefoxitin resistance		Bias/difference	Bland–Altman test (P-value)
Year	ARIMA prediction	NARMS	Bias/difference	Bland–Altman test (P-value)	ARIMA prediction	NARMS	Bias/difference	Bland–Altman test (P-value)	ARIMA prediction	NARMS	Bias/difference	Bland–Altman test (P-value)
Chicken
2019	3.00%	1.93% (27/1400)	1.07	0.495	13.45%	15.35% (215/1400)	–1.9	0.769	3.87%	1.43% (20/1400)	2.47	0.031
2020	3.00%	3.02% (7/232)	–0.02		15.27%	18.10% (42/232)	–2.83		3.87%	2.16% (5/232)	1.67
2021	3.00%	3.11% (22/708)	–0.11		16.49%	13.56% (96/708)	2.93		3.87%	2.54% (18/708)	1.37
Turkey
2019	4.03%	1.58% (8/507)	2.45	0.052	6.77%	5.72% (29/507)	1.05	0.523	3.09%	1.78% (9/507)	1.29	0.096
2020	5.87%	2.72% (4/147)	3.15		7.08%	7.48% (11/147)	–0.40		4.50%	2.72% (4/147)	1.8
2021	6.94%	1.62% (4/246)	5.32		7.35%	11.78% (29/246)	–4.43		5.40%	1.63% (4/246)	3.8

Ceftiofur data from NARMS was not available, therefore, no validation analysis was done. Where the bias/difference is positive, ARIMA predicted values exceeded the NARMS-reported data. Wherever the P-value > 0.05, the average bias/difference was not statistically significant different from zero, therefore, the ARIMA predictions were not statistically different from the NARMS-reported data

ISSN: 2731-9970